P(rolling a 4 on a fair die)
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⅙
Free printable worksheet
Probability Basics Worksheet
Twenty theoretical and experimental probability problems.
Middle School MathGrades 6-83 pagesAnswer key included
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What this worksheet includes
- Twenty theoretical and experimental probability problems.
- 3-page printable PDF with a complete answer key
- Designed for Grades 6-8 middle school math practice
- Available as an immediate free download with no email required
How to use it
Use this probability basics worksheet for guided practice, independent review, homework, tutoring sessions, or a quick skills check. The spacious layout is designed to leave room for students to show their work rather than guess from crowded answer choices.
After students finish, compare their reasoning with the included answer key. When an answer is incorrect, have the student locate the first step where their work changed direction before trying the problem again.
Who this practice is for
This resource is designed for grades 6-8 students working on middle school math. Teachers, tutors, homeschool families, and parents can preview the first page before deciding whether the level and spacing fit the student.
Looking for a broader sequence? Browse all Middle School Math worksheets.
Topic guide
How to approach probability basics
Theoretical probability compares favorable outcomes with all equally likely outcomes. It ranges from 0 for impossible to 1 for certain.
Experimental probability uses observed results and may differ from the theoretical value in a small sample. Fractions, decimals, and percents can represent the same probability.
Learning objectives
- Calculate simple probabilities
- List sample spaces
- Compare theoretical and experimental probability
Skills to review first
- Fractions
- Ratios
- Counting outcomes
Worked example
Follow the reasoning step by step
A bag has 3 red and 5 blue tiles. Find P(red).
- Count favorable red outcomes: 3.
- Count all tiles: 3 + 5 = 8.
- Write favorable ÷ total.
- The fraction is already simplified.
Solution: P(red) = ⅜.
Try before downloading
Three sample problems
Work each problem, then open the answer to check your result.
P(heads on a fair coin)
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½
Spinner landed green 12 of 30 times.
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Experimental probability 2⁄5 or 40%.
Error check
Common mistakes to watch for
- Putting total outcomes in the numerator
- Counting an outcome more than once
- Assuming experimental results must equal theory exactly